When World War II broke out, there was no hesitation from the film industry to dramatize it. While the medium was being used for propaganda and boosting morale, narrative cinema also got into the act, putting this global event on display either as backdrop or in the foreground. The war added timely relevance and significance to every film that featured it.
When the war ended, films about it slowed some, but they continued to be made and call attention to the bravery and hardship. One of the first movies to consider what came next for those who fought in WWII was The Best Years of Our Lives.
This 1946 drama was adapted from the novella Glory for Me by MacKinlay Kantor, an American author who had served as a war correspondent in London and interviewed many U.S. troops. From these interviews and the experiences he observed, Kantor told the poetic story of three men returning to the same hometown following their active duty.
Army platoon sergeant Al Stephenson (Fredric March), decorated Air Force bomber pilot Fred Derry (Dana Andrews), and double amputee Navy sailor Homer Parrish (Harold Russell) meet for the first time while waiting for a plane. They share one flown by Fred and then a cab that takes them to their respective residences in the fictional Boone City.
Each carries a mix of excitement and anxiety upon returning to their loved ones. Al is coming home to his wife of twenty years (Myrna Loy, top-billed out of stardom, not screentime) and their two mostly grown children. Fred is reuniting with Marie (Virginia Mayo), the blonde bombshell he married shortly before shipping out. And young Homer gets to see his fiancιe Wilma (Cathy O'Donnell) and introduce her to his new hook hands.
Civilian life is an adjustment for each of these veterans. Al takes to heavy drinking as he reluctantly accepts a promotion at his old bank to loan officer assigned to serve G.I. Bill-seeking veterans. Fred finds that his wife isn't all that attracted to him out of uniform and out of money, which he is after struggling to find work with no relevant skills. Handicapable Homer has to come to terms with children's fears and mutterings as well as his own dependency, growing reclusive and avoiding his gal.
While some of these romances are rekindled, a new one sprouts up between Fred and Al's young adult daughter (Teresa Wright), which Al expectedly disapproves of on its extramarital nature.
At 170 minutes, Best Years sounds epic and potentially laborious, but it is actually a fast and enjoyable viewing. This is unquestionably the definitive post-war film and reveals post-war to be as dramatically compelling as, if not more than, war itself.
It's one thing for films to sympathize with those on the front lines forced to kill or be killed. But this film strikes a greater chord by sympathizing with returning soldiers of varied experience as they try to assimilate back into society and everyday life.
It's amazing how quickly this film came together to recognize this predicament and call attention to it. The war ended at the beginning of September 1945 and here was Best Years opening in theaters a week before Thanksgiving 1946. Kantor and Robert E. Sherwood, the scribe who loosely adapted his story, produced something of resonance and beauty. Sixty-seven years later, those qualities remain on full display. This film may have been a perfect reflection of a moment in time for much of the world, but director William Wyler and his cast immortalize that moment for all ages in a tasteful and nimble way. This isn't like Wyler's Mrs. Miniver (1942) assuming brief importance because of its message and timing. This is a film that endures because its subject is humanity, one that will never go out of style.
A product of a decade marked by message movies that won raves for overdramatizing current issues like antisemitism (Gentleman's Agreement) and alcoholism (The Lost Weekend), Best Years avoids that type of fleeting significance by giving us a number of challenges facing new veterans and not hitting us over the head with them. Sure, the issues are neatly delineated and somewhat sanitized per the period's standards. Al has a little too much to drink, but isn't in any real danger. Fred has to settle for working a perfume counter under his old assistant, but it doesn't seem all that bad. Homer's struggle with his disability is mostly in his own head. Instead of one of these issues being magnified and centralized, they're all present within believable routine activity and serve to develop palatably a good-sized ensemble cast.
Any questions of realism are pretty much eradicated by the casting of Harold Russell, a real life war veteran and double amputee. Not really an actor (although he did lose his hands while making an Army training film), Russell's comfort and skill with his prosthetic hooks cannot be faked. The reality of his handlessness heightens his character's story and adds dramatic power to his every moment onscreen. That Russell can actually act too, with the best of his castmates, ensured he would be recognized. To date, his is the only performance to win two Academy Awards; it won both an honorary award "for bringing hope and courage to his fellow veterans" and the Best Supporting Actor in ordinary competition.
Those were just two of the film's nine Oscar victories. It also won for Best Picture, Director, Actor (Fredric March), Screenplay, Editing, and Score of a Dramatic or Comedic Picture, plus an Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award for producer Samuel Goldwyn. Well before securing these accolades, Best Years had already found great commercial success stateside and abroad. Its grosses were the highest since Gone with the Wind. Though its $11.3 million domestic haul translates to a far from earth-shattering $131 M by plain US currency inflation, it sold an estimated 55 million tickets, comparable to the first Harry Potter and Lord of the Rings installments and very few films since then, despite the US's population having doubled since the '40s. Adjusting for movie ticket inflation, Best Years presently ranks 75th of all time, with a $443 M domestic gross that easily bests all of 2013's output.
Having been released to DVD by HBO in 1997 and MGM in 2000, Best Years joined the massive Warner Home Video catalog in 2012 along with six dozen other classic Samuel Goldwyn productions. Following a new DVD edition issued in January, Warner gave the film its Blu-ray debut this week, just in time for Veteran's Day.
Watch a clip from The Best Years of Our Lives: